Channels of Communication

Channels of Communication 

Channels of Communication

Channels or networks of communication are of two types, viz., formal and informal. A formal channel of communication is deliberately established by management for the transmission of official information.

An informal channel of communication, on the other hand, is an unofficial channel and is the result of the operation of social forces at the workplace. It is also known as ‘grapevine’ and supplements formal communications.

Major characteristics of formal communication are as follows:

● It is intentionally created for flow of

communication between various positions in the organisation.

● Commands, instructions and orders travel

downward; reports regarding performance,

grievances and suggestions travel upward; and

coordination travels horizontally.

● It is orderly, systematic and supports the

authority of superiors.

● It works very slowly because it has to follow the path laid down by the management.

● It is largely written and is always on record.

● It is oriented towards team events.

● It is controlled and motivated by the management.

● It is rigid as deviations are not allowed.

● There are few chances of distortion of

information.

● It is authentic.

● The status or position of the party to

communication is very important.

The major characteristics of informal communi-

cation are as follows:

● It works very rapidly as it has not to follow any particular path.

● It is spontaneous and largely oral.

● It is mostly off the record.

● It is people oriented.

● It is employee controlled and employee serving.

● It is flexible.

● It has very high chances of distortion of

information.

● Status or position of the party to communication is not relevant