Religious Movements: 

Buddhism At a Glance

 It was founded by Gautam Buddha during 563-483 B.C.Gautam Buddha was the son of Suddodana and Mahamaya.His father belonged to the Sakya clans .He was born in Lumbini (Modern Nepal) He decided to be a wanderer after seeing an old man,a corpse and an ascetic.He left his home at the age o 29 in 537 B.C with his charioter channa and his favourite horse Kanthaka.He first meditated with Alara Kalama and then with Udraka Ramputra.after that he meditated with 5 ascetics named Kondana,Vappa,Bhadia,Mahanama,and Assagi.After six year doing this he realised that fasting  and penance were useless..At the age of 35 at Urubela on the bank of the river Niranjana under a pipal tree he got Nirvana.At the age of 80 in 483B.C at kushinagar he left his mortal body.

#Dharma Chakraparavartana:

After getting Nirvana he gave his first sermon to his 5 disciples at sarnath this is known as Dharma Chakraparavartana.

#Four Noble Truths of Buddhism:

• World is full of sufferings
• Every sufferings have a cause i,e desire 
• By destroying  the causes sufferings could be removed.
• To end sufferings one must know the right Path.

#Eight fold Path of Buddhism:

1. Right view- World is full of sorrow.
2. Right aim-Love humanity
3. Right speech-Speak truth
4. Right Action-Selfless action
5. Right Livelihood-To live by honest means
6. Right Effort-mental exercise to prevent bad thoughts
7. Right Mindfulness-Meditation removes worldly ills.
8. Right  Concentration-Meditation will unravel the real truth.

#Buddhist Philosophy:

• Believes in the transient nature of everything
• Believes in Agnostic i,e neither accepted nor rejected the existence of god.
• Believes in the middle path.
• Believes in rebirth theory of Karma but not believe in the existence of the soul.
• The attainment of wisdom is Nirvana.
• The death of Buddha and the liberation from the bondage of birth and death  is called  Mahaparinirvana.

#Mahaparinirvana:

• The death of Buddha and the liberation from the bondage of birth and death  is called  Mahaparinirvana.

Buddhist Literature

#IAS #PRELIM #STUDY_MATERIALS